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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Once again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential entrada before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Over again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let'due south Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton besides used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it over again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's utilise of the phrase "probably the about resonant entrada slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the state was in decline.[2] [three]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, beingness used by those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the U.s., regarding it equally dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was too at the center of ii events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[viii] [9] [ten] [11]

Apply earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken communication at the third session of the 76th The states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 Usa presidential ballot: "What is the way? Hither is America. In that location are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, uppercase, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will brand America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertisement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America cracking again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the U.s.a. was suffering from a worsening economy at habitation marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economic distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his credence speech communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a bully national cause to make America great again."[xviii] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was as well used in speeches[20] by Beak Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give y'all an economy you had 50 years agone, and... move you support on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book nearly her unsuccessful 2010 bid every bit the Republican nominee for a The states Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August 16, 2011, equally Troublemaker: Allow's Practise What Information technology Takes to Brand America Smashing Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Once again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the futurity, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, nosotros must brand America great again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using every bit a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #i Once more" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Cracking Again" past stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January ane, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country'due south role to create the "Make America Bang-up Again Political party", which would take allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to go a third-political party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November vii, 2012, the day later on Barack Obama won his reelection against Paw Romney. Past his own account, Trump first considered "Nosotros Volition Make America Corking", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Brand America Bully" was his next slogan idea, just upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because information technology implied that America was never great. Afterward selecting "Brand America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump subsequently said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, simply noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting sectional rights to employ the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service marker on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [xxx] Trump used the slogan in public equally early on as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Cracking Again" on a roadside in California before long after the Nov 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oftentimes used the slogan, peculiarly past wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular amid his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the entrada that at 1 point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or tv set commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the existent lid x to one. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that's an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Continue America Great" and he sought to trademark information technology.[28] [34] Notwithstanding, Trump's 2020 entrada connected to use the "Brand America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left part, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third political party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Brand America Nifty Again Political party". In his first few days out of function, he also supported Arizona state political party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the quondam president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to forestall Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump dedicated himself by tweeting "My apply of social media is not Presidential – it's MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[40]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Marking Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a mail service's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in office) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter solitary include: 1,304 unique tweets, five,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump prepare his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and afterward winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America announcer, among others,[five] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded linguistic communication, but also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have go more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Get-go did in the early 1940s, with the thought "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing stance for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Again' lid is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Just if y'all wear one, it's a pretty good indication that you share, admire or capeesh President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are prove of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going dorsum to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that near ten percent of black voters identified equally Trump supporters,[49] [ non-principal source needed ] while about 30 per centum of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[50] [ ameliorate source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Simply Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Corking Again [51] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr afterward the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[52]

Later Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his ballot campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Once more" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport stop-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Debate Over again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 contend.[53] The phrase has as well been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump'south immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Utilize by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that not bad" during a September 2018 nib signing.[56] [57] Former Us Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was not bad?"[58] [59] During John McCain'southward memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made great again because America was always great."[lx] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT Once more!" afterwards that twenty-four hours.[61]

Utilise by detest groups [edit]

A 2018 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks establish that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the spoken language delivered past him was "make our planet great again."[63]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential ballot in October 2018, sometime opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great once more", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Once again".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Move have often used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Again.[68]

In popular civilization [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an thing with President Trump, took role in a "Brand America Horny Again" strip club tour. The bout followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[70]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Again was a street fine art landscape past artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[71] [72]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross'south 2016 stand-upward bout was titled "Making America Keen Again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed equally the World Trade Centre during the September 11 attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Cracking Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Great Once again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to vesture on Red Carpeting e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Neat Again" fez lid in ane scene.[79]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[80]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Go along America Great" (a phrase Trump would later use every bit his 2020 campaign slogan); i of the Idiot box spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to proceed my state [America] great".[81] The next picture show in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a affiche featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA hat.[82]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator'due south Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Once again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great once more".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Gratis Again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Nifty Once again" during his speech while contesting Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Brand America Psycho Once more.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 chosen M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Once more.[87]
  • Make America Stone Again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, chosen their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Brand Acrimony Not bad Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Over again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Be More than Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Once more" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat maxim Brand America Skate again in Chance the Rapper'due south video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Over again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a vocal titled Make America Great Again.[93]
  • Metallic band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Over again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Keen Once again".

Sports [edit]

  • And so-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a lid proverb "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Writer Octavia E. Butler used "Brand America Dandy Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[96] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Over again", in reference to the original ancestral proper name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 meg views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'due south Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

martinpooft1958.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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